Classification and Application of Water Well Drilling Rigs

Water well drilling rigs are specialized mechanical equipment used for drilling water wells and completing tasks such as casing, well washing, etc. The main components include power equipment, drill bits, drill pipes, core pipes, and drilling frames. According to different working principles and technical characteristics, water well drilling rigs can be divided into three major categories: rotary water well drilling rigs, impact water well drilling rigs, and compound water well drilling rigs. Below we will introduce these three types of water well drilling rigs in detail.

Rotary Water Well Drilling Rig

Rotary water well drilling rigs mainly rely on the rotary motion of the drilling tools to break the rock layers and form holes. This type of drilling rig can be further subdivided into large and small cone-bit drilling rigs, direct and reverse circulation rotary table drilling rigs, hydraulic power head drilling rigs, and submersible vibration rotary drilling rigs. Among them, large and small cone-bit drilling rigs use cone-shaped drilling tools to rotate and cut through soil layers, suitable for general soil layers or sandy gravel soil layers. The direct and reverse circulation mud washing rotary table drilling rigs are commonly used in soil layers, general sandy layers, and loose strata where the pebble diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the drill pipe. Their working principle is to drive the turntable with a power machine, and the active drill pipe drives the bit to rotate at a certain speed to break the rock layers.

Impact Water Well Drilling Rig

Impact water well drilling rigs rely on the vertical reciprocating motion of the drilling tools to impact the bottom of the well and break the rock layers. This type of drilling rig has a simple structure but does not have a circulation washing system, and the removal of cuttings cannot be done simultaneously with drilling, resulting in lower efficiency. Impact water well drilling rigs mainly include auger drilling rigs, which use the weight of the drilling tools to impact the stratum, suitable for specific strata such as pebble layers.

Compound Water Well Drilling Rig

Compound water well drilling rigs are based on rotary table drilling rigs with additional impact mechanisms, primarily using rotary drilling and switching to impact drilling when encountering pebble layers. They have strong adaptability to various strata. Another type combines impact and rotary drilling, such as pneumatic down-the-hole hammer drilling rigs. This type of drilling rig has strong adaptability and can handle challenges from different strata.

Application of Water Well Drilling Rigs

Water well drilling rigs are widely used in various occasions, including water well extraction in rural areas, cities, and construction sites. They play an important role in fields such as water supply, drainage, and irrigation. At the same time, water well drilling rigs are continuously developing and improving to meet different geological conditions and operational requirements.
In summary, water well drilling rigs are indispensable equipment in modern industrial and agricultural production. With their efficient and precise operational capabilities, they have made important contributions to the development of human society.